Pantograph



Dec. 9, 1952 E w DERWEN ETAL 2,620,563

PANTOGRAPH Filed July 3, 1950 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 xix 24 Patented Dec. 9, 1952 PANTOGRAPH Erik'Walter 'Derwn and Kay Hai-bert Hon'kanen, Stockholm, Sweden 4 .Claims.

i 1 The 'present 'invention relates' 'to ;pantographs *and has for its object to provide an improved pantograph capable of adjustment to "determine the inclination and/or size of the `reproduct'ion relative to the letters 'or pattern of thestencil. The invention is primarily 'distinguished 'by the feature that a pivoted arm 'system arranged on a base plate is composed, first, 'of a principal arm, one end of which is guided along `a rod or other guidingmeans secured on 'the base 'plate, second, of a guide arm pivoted to the other end of the principal arm and a'dapted to be "Secured in various angular positions, said guide arm' "being provided with =a tracingpin or the like adapted to be moved on a Stencil having marks thereon corresponding to the symbols-and so forth to be rendered, and, third, 'of -a writing 'arm 'with awriting style, said writin arm being disp'lace- -able along the principal arm and adapted to be *Secured in 'difierent positions along the same. Withthe use of 'one and the same Stencil said contr'ivanee makes it possible by simple adjustments, that is -to say, by 'adjusting and looking the guide arm in different 'angular positions on :the 'prin'cipal arm, to obtain the desired inclination of the letters of the text matter to be rendered relatively to the text matter on the Stencil.

In addition, an enlargement -or 'reduction of the text matter is rendered possible in accordance with the adjustments of the writing arm into different positions along the principal arm.

Further features of the invention and advantages derived therefrom-will appear from the following 'description of a form of .embodiment illustrated in the accompanyin drawings 'in which:

Fig. 1 is-a plan *view of the pahtograph, the left hand portion of the base being broken away to shorten the figure;

. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the pantograph with the left hand end of 'the base broken away;

, tFig. '3 is' -a detached view showing the connection of the main arm to the :guide rail;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4--4 of Fig. 1:

p Fig. 5 is a section on 'the line 5-5 of "Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a perspective View of the writing style; Fig. 7 is a plan View of the end portion of the principal arm and guide arm';

Fig. "8 is aplan viewof amodified form of base, and

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9--9 of Fig. 8.

Referring to Figs. 1-7, the base plate is in two parts l and I', adjustably connected in spaced parallel relationship by rails 23 which lie in the grooves 22 in the lower side of the base plate,

.2 being fixedly 'Secured to the 'part I' by the 'rivets 24 and adjustably secured 'to the part l' by the 'screws 25. Only one'rai1' 23 is shown'but it will be understood that another similar rail is associated with the broken away portion o'fthe base p'late. Turnin the screws 25 moves thepart 'I 'relative to the part 'I' and determ-ines the width of the space between them. v

Part `l of the 'base plate carries the rod 2 and part I' carries the Stencil '3. The `principal arm 5 is pivota'lly and slidably connected at its right hand end to the transverse arm 6 by means of the clamping `screw IT which extends through a circularopening in the arm '5 'and through the s'lot 3-6 -in 'the 'arm 6. Transverse `'arm 6 is connectedby the rivet 'I' to the guide sprin T which is slidable 'along the rod 2. 'Spring 'I with the attached arms 5, 6, 8 and 13 readily may be -detached from the rod 2. The'principal arm 5 car- -ries the guide arm l3 and 'tracing 'pin M, arm 13 `screw 15. The arm 5 carres also the writing arm '8 with its writing style H. 'Writing arm 8 is slidably attached to arm 5 by means of 'the runner 9 and the clamping screw '18.

The writing style ll is secured to the end of the arm 8 by the band spring 'l6 having laterally projecting channel shaped `ends lo, lo which fit into a vertical slot 'ID' in 'the end of the arm" B and over the upper and lower edges thereof. Thus- :the spring !6 'is readily detachable from the arm '8 for exchanging the writing style. The style 'H is slidably adjustable up' and down in'the'spring 16. Arm 8 carries the spacing member l2 which determines the spacing between the letters orsymbols bein made.

Text matter reduced or enlarged relatively to the 'text matter of thestencil maybe obtainedby the runner 9 being displaced toward and away from `the connection of the principal arm' 5 with the 'guide spring 1. The principal arm may be provided with a scale from which the position of the runner may be read off.

The guide arm l3 may be provided with an 'index and the principal 'arm with corresponding scale :lines, whereby the angle 'between these arms is indicated. I

The whole of the apparatus may -be displaceably guided along a lateral guide taking the form of a rod 29, to which part I of the base plate is connected by means of a connecting strap 21 and a tension screw 28. A graduated ruler 20, which is preferably transparent and facilitates reading of the line spacing and the marginal 3 width, may be connected by means of a slide spring !9 to the rod 2 arranged on the base plate.

The Stencil or stencils 3 may be retained in their place on the base plate by means of an upwardly projecting edge llet 2! on the part I' of the base plate as well as by means of a tension spring 4, which is secured to the part l of the base plate and projects inwardly over the stencil in a groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the stencil, as appears from Figs. 1 and 4.

The symbols of the stencil, such as letters, figures, or the like, are made in the form of depressions in the stencil. In the use of the apparatus, the pin 14 is moved along these depressions, the principal arm being thus displaced by the fact that the slide spring 1 is caused to slide along the rod 2, whereat the principal arm is also turned about the rivet 'I' connecting the spring 'I and the transverse arm 6. If the writing style I l then bears on a work sheet, the style is caused to write the corresponding symbol thereon. If the arm |3 is then adjusted to form an extenslon of the principal arm 5, as shown by full lines in Fig. 7, a, relatively upright lettering will be obtained. On the other hand, if the arm |3 is adjusted to form an angle with the principal arm, as shown by dash lines in Fig. 7, the lettering will slope more forwardly, provided the lettering of the Stencil is upright. By adjusting the arm !3 to different angular positions relatively to the principal arm, it will thus be possible to obtain varying inclinations of the lettering. An enlargement or reduction may be obtained, as stated. by adjusting the runner 9 into different positions along the principal arm, counted in the longitudinal direction of the latter.

In the modified Construction according to Figs. 8 and 9, the one member lb of the two members of the base plate is arranged as a bed for the other member I a so as to Carry both the latter and the stencil. The member la is displaceably guided on the member lb by means of screws 30 extending through transverse slits 3l in the base plate member lb while also extending freely through apertures in the member I a, Where the screws are retained by means of nuts 32. The base plate lb may be made from sheetmetal, and is provided with upwardly projecting lateral edges 33, 34. A Stencil 35 placed upon the base plate lb is retained in position by being moved against the upwardly turned lateral edge 34, and is caused to bear against the latter with the aid of the member la which, guided by the screws 30 and the slits 31, may be moved to bear on the opposite edge of the Stencil. The member la may be locked in this operative position with the end of the nuts 32 and the screws 30.

The form of embodiment shown may be modification by arranging the slits in the member la and the screws in apertures provided in the base member lb.

What we claim is: V

1. A pantograph comprising a base consisting of two parts having adjacent, straight parallel edges, means securing said two parts together with said parallel edges at adjustable distances from each other, a rod Secured to one of said parts and extending parallel to said parallel edges, a first arm having one end pivotally and slidably connected to said rod, a second arm having one end pivotally and slidably connected to said first arm, means for securing said second arm in adjusted position with respect to said first arm, a third arm having one end pivotally connected to the other end of 'said second arm, means for securing said third arm in adjusted position with respect to said second arm, a tracing pin carried by the free end of said third arm, a fourth arm having one end slidably connected to said second arm, means for securing said fourth arm in adjusted position with respect to said second arm, a writing style carried by the other end of said fourth arm, means on said base for slidably supporting a Stencil, and means on said base for retaining said Stencil in adjusted position with respect to said base.

2. A pantograph as defined in claim 1 in which the rod is Secured to one of the` parts of the base and the stencil is supported on the other part of said base.

3. A pantograph as defined in claim 1 in which one part of said base consists of a flat plate having upwardly projecting walls on opposite parallel edges thereof and the other part'of the base is supported on said plate.

4. A pantograph comprising a base consisting of two parts having adjacent, straight parallel edges, means securing said two parts together with said parallel edges at adjustable distances from each other, a rod Secured to one of said parts and extending parallel to' said parallel edges, a first arm having one end pivotally and slidably connected to said rod, a second arm having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said first arm, means for securing said second arm in adjusted position with respect to said first arm, a tracing pin carried by the free end of said second arm, a third arm having one end slidably connected to said first arm, means for securing said third arm in adjusted position with respect to said first arm, a writing style carried by the other end of said third arm, means on said base for slidably supporting a Stencil, and means on said base for retaining said stencil in adjusted position with respect to said base.

ERIK WALTER DERWN. KAY HERBERT HONKANEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Great Britain Oct. 27, 1943 

